The new LO3 view is much better than the old one, and there are relatively few areas that can definitely be stated as not being there on the LO3 compared with LRO. That said, the ones that are there are better defined in the LRO, and neither show the detail of the 16mm frame, so you have to ask how they arrived at that level of detail!

Can we keep this going? Let’s try - one of the last resolvable images in the 16mm footage, before it all disappears in a blur of dust is shown below, together with another 16mm shot of Pete Conrad as he collects the “just in case it all goes wrong” contingency sample. The descending view has been rotated.

The most obvious thing missing from the LO3 is the detail inside the crater, and I’ve pointed out some obvious ones that are only there on the Apollo and LRO views. The boulders around the large double craters on the far wall are completely absent, as are the majority of the craterlets on the main crater floor.  The improved LO3 image picks out some features that the older one doesn’t, but most features are still either missing or very faint.

Could these rocks have been identified by the Surveyor cameras?

The short answer is - no. The probe itself is to the left of the Apollo image shown, and its cameras would only have captured the rocks in the double crater from the side, if at all.

There is one view that they could have had, and that is looking towards the LM landing area from Surveyor. To illustrate this, the image below shows a composite view contained in the report linked to at the top of the page with a portion of AS12-48-7094.

There are two ways of looking at the implications of the above comparison. One is to go “A-HAAA” and seize upon it as being conclusive proof that Apollo 12’s landscape was entirely constructed from Surveyor 3 images on a terrestrial set.

The other view is to look at the Apollo 12 photograph in its entirety, as it includes the Surveyor probe, and the parts of the surface that are not photographed by it in such detail. The probe, LM, and every rock and micro-crater in the Apollo image is exactly where it should be. To pretend that this could have been done on a set is to blind yourself to the practicalities that such an undertaking would involve: placing, with exact precision, hundreds of rocks, creating hundreds of craters, all from the kind of mosaic visible on the left, all without leaving a single trace of human involvement in that process, and at the same time making the set match exactly what would be viewed from above by the LRO 40 years later.

It’s also worth pointing out that the Surveyor images contain the rocks and craterlets that are visible in LRO footage but not LO3, as is shown below with views from the two probes (LRO left, LO3 right). Surveyor was there, and is the only possible source for Apollo’s alleged ‘stage set’, as the photograph that could have given the exact position for rocks and craters isn’t up to the job.

So yes, they had a good idea what would be waiting for them. No, this did mean they built a set on Earth.

As well as perfecting the macro-scale Apollo, anyone trying to reproduce Surveyor’s view would also have to get the micro-scale right. The view below shows, in the centre, one of Surveyor’s composite views of one of the trenches it dug, compared with what I believe is the same trench photographed by Apollo (based on debris features alongside the trench walls). The Apollo photographs concerned are AS12-48-7126 (right, rotated 180 degrees) and AS12-48-7128 (left, rotated 90 degrees).

Likewise these 3 imprints made to test the stability of the surface can be found in a section of AS12-48-7126.

And also these imprints found in AS12-48-7128.

I could devote a whole page just to the trenches, but it would take up too much of my life, and would have been a much easier task if the Apollo crew hadn’t trampled all over the scene, and if they’d been more methodical in their recording of the details!

Focusing solely on Surveyor crater would mean we miss out on some of the other lovely craters the crew visited while they were there. The first EVA took a stroll out to a large shallow depression called Middle Crescent Crater. While they were there they took a panoramic sweep of photographs, and this can be found here. There are high quality views of the crater available at Gone To Plaid’s site, and these have been used in preference to lower quality images despite them not covering the whole crater.

The top image shown below is the Apollo pan. The image below left is the LO view, and the one below right the LRO.

In this instance, the LO pre-Apollo view does extremely well in comparison with the LRO when it comes to identifying small rocks and craters, but there are some important areas where it doesn’t quite give the detail that would have been needed to fake an Apollo 12 view of the crater.

The purple arrow, for example, is pointing to a boulder that isn’t visible, and the crimson coloured arrow is pointing at a small craterlet that isn’t visible in the LO view, and the twin lighter blue arrows show a line of rocks that can’t be made out in the LO picture.

The yellow X marks the spot where the photographs were taken, but while the craters around this spot can be seen in both overhead views the line of rocks seen in the Apollo photograph are not there in the Orbiter shot, whereas some of them at least can be seen in the LRO’s image.

So how come the Orbiter does so well in this shot compared with others? The main reason is that all the features identified are the other side of a relatively large crater. They are, by definition, larger objects otherwise they would not be visible in the Apollo photograph. Smaller objects nearer the astronaut’s camera are not visible in the Orbiter photograph but are seen in the LRO photograph.

It’s a shame that the foreground is so much in shadow and that the detailed LRO view is not available for all of it, as I believe this would have probed the point conclusively.

On the same EVA that explored Surveyor crater the crew passed Bench crater. It was photographed from its north side in a series of images looking south. The ALSJ panorama constructed from these images contained an error, so I did my own, adding an extra photograph from a second pan. I then compared it with the best of GoneToPlaid’s images (below left) and the Lunar Orbiter view (below right).

Again, LO3 does well in this image, but because of the way it is lit many smaller features are not visible at all, and it isn’t possibel t pick out with any certainty which rocks are which.

Before heading for a final view from the LM I have one more look at Surveyor crater, this time zooming in in even more detail on the debris littered double crater on the southern wall. Later in the mission it is less in shadow and we an see more details, so let’s have a look at them.

Apollo 12

Apollo 12’s most interesting feature as far as the photographic record is concerned is the presence of another piece of hardware just across from its landing point, the Surveyor 3 probe.

In some ways this presents us with a problem, in that we very obviously did have detailed photographs of a landing site well in advance of an Apollo mission, more of which later. The Surveyor 3 mission itself was launched in April 1967, two and half years before Apollo 12 arrived but after Lunar Orbiter 3 surveyed the area in February of the same year.

Details of Surveyor 3 can be found here and here, and remarkable footage (made from the individual photographs beamed back to Earth) can be found here. A comprehensive review of the TV system on Surveyor 3 (along with many photographs sent back to Earth) can be found here. Its mission was to sample soil, test soil mechanics and send information back to Earth, and the results (along with those of other Surveyor probes) can be found here, and a discussion of Apollo 12’s observations of the probe and the material they returned from it can be found here.

The best photograph of Apollo 12’s landing site from above prior to the mission can be found in Lunar Orbiter 3 (LO3)’s high resolution frame 3154 H2, which can be found here. Since this page was written a new version has come on line from the LOIRP, which can be found here and I have therefore updated most of the images.

The landing area for Apollo 12 is identified by the red rectangle, which takes in both Surveyor crater and the wider area of operations for the crew. A comparison of the LO3 image (right) with the LRO view of the same scene (left) is given below. The LRO view used is another GoneToPlaid version, chosen partly because the shadows make features more easily visible, and can be found here. The version used below for LO3 is the updated version.

The first observation to make here is that there is that the LO3 image of the landing area seems to be much better than the equivalent view for Apollo 11. Much more detail is evident (particularly in the new version), largely thanks to the angle of the sun giving better contrast between light and dark areas. As will be seen, however. Closer inspection shows that the fine detail visible in the LRO view is still absent when we get down to ground level.

A second point to make is to note a small error in the LO3 version. In the centre line of the LRO photograph, directly above the lunar module (LM), there is a triplet of craters. In the LO3 version this triplet is truncated, either as a result of a transmission error or from incorrectly assembling the printouts that were the basis of the photograph. There are other instances where the LO3 view puts craters in different places compared with the LRO, again probably from a compounding of transmission and printing errors.

While the is an excellent degree of correspondence between the two photographs, the extra clarity of the LRO version allows features to be identified that are not present in the LO3 image, particularly small boulders such as those in Surveyor crater.

The first comparison with Apollo imagery is from the 16mm landing sequence, available here. The central view is that of the 16mm camera. The left view is from the L03, and the right that taken by LRO. I’ve rotated the view of the two vertical photographs to help match it with the 16mm view. This first shot is still some way out from landing, with the eventual landing spot just to the left of the area shown. In my original version of this image I picked out features that can be spotted in the LRO and Apollo views, but not the LO3. In the new version, the blue arrow points to a feature that became visible - I left it in for the sake of honesty. There are plenty of other small craters that stay invisible.

And what we expected to happen is confirmed, although the new version of the LO3 image is much better. It starts to get obvious that the LO3 image lacks the detail shown in the LRO, which itself shows a lot of small craters that are evident in the 16mm footage, but not in LO3. This is particularly true of shallower craters that show less definition.

Now let’s see how it looks just as the LM begins to kick up some dust.

The difference in perspective makes it slightly confusing, but the path does become clearly visible in the Apollo photograph in the middle distance. If you follow the paths up from the LM on the LRO image you come to an elongated diamond shape followed by a single path that skirts a small crater to the left of it, then diverge around a larger crater, with the left path taking a winding route. It is this winding route that emerges on the Apollo view. With the smaller crater visible nearer the LM and the larger crater next to the path just beyond it. The re-convergence of the path and subsequent divergence around the ALSEP is also obvious. Look carefully and you can also match up many of the craters, which again I have tried to do with some pretty coloured arrows.

So, what have we learned?

We’ve learned that the restored Lunar Orbiter images contain an impressive amount of detail, and that substantial amounts of that detail can be seen in Apollo images. Substantial amounts of detail can not be seen, however, and there is also the consideration that the modern ultra-high resolution versions may well exceed the resolutions available to the Apollo planners, as the scans used previously in this analysis (and those I own in book form) were of considerably lower quality than the new enhanced versions and those images are what they had to work with.

Even with that improved quality, the LRO view of the Apollo landing site reveals details that are not seen in lunar orbiter views of the landing site. We also have a view provided by an existing probe that, if the Apollo 12 landing had been created in a studio, could have provided important details. In practical terms it would have been impossible to recreate this in the level of detail shown in Apollo images. It is simpler by far to confirm that the reason Surveyor 3 images match Apollo 12 images is because the two were at the same place at the same time: on the Moon.

For more on matching Surveyor photos with details in Apollo images, see here.

The view from China

In April 2018 China released much higher resolution versions of its images from Chang’e-2, and this afforded the chance to look at Apollo 12’s landing site in more detail than previously possible from their photographs. Here is the view from China’s probe (below right) compared with that of the LRO. The Chinese image has been contrast adjusted and sharpened.

On the larger features LO3 does well - even picking out smaller rocks in the new version, but as with all these examples once you zoom in more and look at the smaller rocks and craters they are not visible in the LO3 view.

The best example of details not seen in the LO3 photographs but visible in Apollo and LRO shots is the views of Surveyor crater. And the best view of the crater as a whole comes from a panorama made of AS12-48-6746-6751, available at this site.  The portion of this centred on Surveyor crater is shown below, together with the relevant parts of the probe photographs with the LRO on the left and LO3 on the right.

We’ve already seen this double crater in LO3 views in other analyses above, and we can see in close-up that the LO3 restored image does well with the deeper craters and larger rocks, but misses out completely when picking out the finer details.

What should be standing out here is that the craters further away are a good match for the LO3 photograph, but when you get closer the to the camera the LRO shows more detail, particularly the shallow craters and surface undulations that are much less obvious in L03.

Next up we move a little closer to the eventual landing site. Closer means nearer to the ground, so the features we see are starting to get smaller, which means we should start to lose definition in the LO3 photograph more quickly than the LRO.  In the view below the LRO is on the left this time.

Looks like it to me. By contrast, although the LO3 image does manage to just about pick out the mini-crater shown b the red arrow, and the rock on the eastern rim, very little else is visible.

Hopefully it should be obvious that this is the same scene, and you can even make out the small rocks on the rim of the crater in the centre. By way of comparison, the two images below show pre- and post-EVA views of the same craters taken from panoramas here and here.

The post-EVA image is useful in that establishes that the crater is the one next to the flag.

So, do we have sufficient detail in an LRO image capable of resolving details in that 16mm frame? Let’s see, this time using a new image.

The remaining arrows identify features that also can’t be seen on the LO3 view, although the viewing angle and sun bleaching of the photographs do make it difficult to be absolutely certain, and they are pinpointed as much through logical deduction as specific crater features.

Here’s another panorama, this time taken from much nearer the LM. I did this one because a moron on a conspiracy site was insisting that craters visible from orbit should be visible from the ground but they weren’t. He’d already moved the goalposts several times, so I did a fresh one just for him.

The panorama in question is this one, and I’ve used just the part of it that looks over to Surveyor crater.

For the above analysis I used the original LO3 image, but if you look at the newly restored version (right), some features appear, but others disappear.

One final consideration is the evidence provided by the tracks made by the crew as they went about their duties. The image below shows part of AS12-46-6860, which I have contrast adjusted to make features stand out more, compared with the LRO view of the same scene. The ALSEP scientific equipment can be seen in as the white dots at the top right of each photograph. The circular shadow at the bottom right of the Apollo photograph is from the High Gain Antenna, the shadow from which can also be seen in the LRO view to the right of the LM next to a small shallow crater.

Another interesting aspect of the landing footage can be found in two photographs offered for sale on eBay showing the view from the LM simulator looking down at the area. The simulators were, as outlined in the preamble to these pages, drawn from images taken by Lunar Orbiter, and here are the two views representing 4000 and 1800 feet above the surface.

And just so you can work out what we’re looking at, here’s the same area from lunar orbiter.

Now, your average conspiracy idiot is fond of saying it was all done with simulators, because with their incredible google-fu they managed to find out that they had them. What happens, as we’ve seen in the footage, is that as you get closer and closer to the surface you get more and more detail revealed, so you’d expect that to happen in the simulators right?

Let’s see how it looks when you compare the 4000 and 1800 foot views of Surveyor crater.

Well, it’s certainly more in focus, but there is no more detail visible in the craters, and it certainly isn’t as sharp as the LO images on which it was based.

By coincidence, another image (evidently from the same sequence as it has the same date) also came up for sale on eBay and shows the view at 250 feet, this time focusing solely on Surveyor crater.

There is obviously much more detail in this image as the surface gets nearer - even down to where it thinks Surveyor 3 is (although it’s actually not as far in as that), but it is only a match for the Lunar Orbiter photographs shown earlier, and certainly there is nothing like as much detail of the smaller rocks and craters in the area, as will be shown below.

Let’s get on with the mission.

After landing one of the first EVA jobs is to set up the ALSEP scientific equipment, which was transported from the LM to its location about 130m by Alan Bean. While he did this Pete Conrad did some exploring, and captured a series of photographs near the ALSEP site that include Bean carrying the ALSEP towards him.

Although Bean’s movement during the capture of this sequence makes life difficult for the panorama stitching software, there is good coverage of 360 degrees around Conrad, and one feature in particular is easy to spot. This feature, known somewhat imaginatively as ‘the mound’ was interesting enough for Conrad to investigate further and take more photos.

The panoramas available are tricky because they are geographically inaccurate - Conrad’s shadow is visible at both ends, but Bean’s movement makes it difficult to create new ones. I’ve taken this panorama, moved Conrad’s shadow to match where it should appear and put it with and the LRO (left) and LO3 (right) views. The latter two images have been rotated to match Conrad’s view towards the mound.

The red circle here identifies the location of the LM, while the green one picks out the location of the Surveyor-3 probe. There are two very clear dark areas at the location of these two objects. It’s important to recognise that we are not seeing the hardware itself, but the result of activity around that area. The ground has been disturbed, and this disturbance changes the surface reflectivity.

Just so we can be certain we are looking at the right areas, here they are zoomed in.

If you refer back to the LO images at the top of this page, you’ll see that those dark areas just aren’t there. Hoaxtards need to explain what caused those disturbed areas. It’s quite a common throwaway argument that ‘remote control ‘ could have put the equipment there, but the disturbance caused by human feet is something else entirely.

Chandrayaan 2

As with Apollo 11, India’s Chandrayaan 2 has also imaged this landing site, and also as with Apollo 11 the data released to date is in the form of a web presentation.

Even allowing for that, the detail is impressive, and perfectly matches what can be seen in the LRO images, right down to the astronaut trails.

Again, as with Apollo 11 the detail in what is a screengrab is more than a match for the LRO photograph. The OHRC full resolution image will be the nail in the coffin for hoax morons everywhere.

[Some time later….]

After an almost interminable wait India finally released the high resolution OHRC file covering Apollo 12’s site, and it does not disappoint:

Trails, hardware, small rocks and craters, everything exactly where it should be. Let’s try and do some comparisons with images we looked at earlier - ones where the LRO view wasn’t quite so good.

This one from the final moments of landing is a good one:

And this one of Conrad getting the contingency sample:

Both images now have much more corroborative detail than the LRO provided, and even more than the original LO. Note in particular the small rock in the crater behind Conrad.

Then there’s Bench crater:

There’s no need for arrows here - there is just so much detail visible in the Chandrayaan view that can’t be seen in the LO one, notably in the rocks around the craters top left.

We could spend all day doing this. One thing’s for certain - hoax believing idiots won’t, they’ll be too busy scrabbling for straws to clutch at.

Like the LO photo, the lighting is different. Unlike the LO photo there are clear details in it that match exactly the Apollo 12 image.

Then there’s Middle Crescent crater, only this time let’s just look at a small piece of it.